MUFTI SADR-UDDIN AZURDA (1788-1869)
MUFTI SADR-UDDIN AZURDA (1788-1869)
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| Mufti Sadr-Uddin Azurda Poetry |
Azurda was the chief Judge of Delhi during the days of the revolution of 1857. In spite of holding a high public office, he was a patriot at heart who had the courage to sign the Declaration of Holy War (against the British). For this, he was penalized.
His property was confiscated and his services were terminated. Azurda was a friend of Ghalib and had given him moral and material support at the two difficult moments of the poet’s life, when Ghalib was dragged to the court for (i) the non-payment of his debts, and (ii) for the charge of running a gambling den at his house.
Azurda was also a friend of Imam Bux Sahabai, another famous Urdu poet and a friend of Ghalib, who along with several members of his family was done to death in the days of the revolt.
Azurda’s ShahrAshob, an extract from which is included in this anthology, describes the terrible the state of Delhi in the turbulent days of the Revolt, with a specially poignant reference to the death of Sahabi.
Such poems contain ample evidence of the valuable contribution made by the Urdu poets, through their poetic writings and personal sacrifice, to the cause of Indian freedom.
Azurda wrote poetry in Urdu, Persian, and Arabic.
Nawab Yusuf Ali Khan of Ram Pur, Nawab Sadiq Hussain Khan of Bhopal and Sir Syed Ahmed Khan were among his poetic disciples, while he himself had sought poetic advice from Shah Naseer.
His property was confiscated and his services were terminated. Azurda was a friend of Ghalib and had given him moral and material support at the two difficult moments of the poet’s life, when Ghalib was dragged to the court for (i) the non-payment of his debts, and (ii) for the charge of running a gambling den at his house.
Azurda was also a friend of Imam Bux Sahabai, another famous Urdu poet and a friend of Ghalib, who along with several members of his family was done to death in the days of the revolt.
Azurda’s ShahrAshob, an extract from which is included in this anthology, describes the terrible the state of Delhi in the turbulent days of the Revolt, with a specially poignant reference to the death of Sahabi.
Such poems contain ample evidence of the valuable contribution made by the Urdu poets, through their poetic writings and personal sacrifice, to the cause of Indian freedom.
Azurda wrote poetry in Urdu, Persian, and Arabic.
Nawab Yusuf Ali Khan of Ram Pur, Nawab Sadiq Hussain Khan of Bhopal and Sir Syed Ahmed Khan were among his poetic disciples, while he himself had sought poetic advice from Shah Naseer.
Mufti Sadr-Uddin Azurda
Dirge for Delhi (Shahr Ashob)
Those who couldn’t bear the weight of precious pearls and jades,
Those whom a gold jhoomar seemed a weary weight,
Those who couldn’t carry the mantle, though of muslin made,
Those who found the gauze veil hard to keep in place,
These delicate dames, alas, are made to carry loads,
They trudge along with a few steps, then founder on the road.
Those who felt irked with garlands, so slim they were and frail,
Those who couldn’t sleep at night with hands henna-laved;
Those who would lose their sleep at the slightest cause,
If their sheet was slightly ruffled, couldn’t sleep at all;
Even the luxury of a pillow is to them denied,
With a stone beneath their head, they would spend the night.
Thus, demented and dismayed, I’m forced to seek the wilds,
With a stone to break my head, to beat my breast and die.
Why shouldn’t Azurda wander in the raging wilds,
When he finds Sahbai the poet, without a fault, crucified!
Hindi Translation
Zewar almaas ka tha jin se na pahna jata,
Bhari jhoomar bhi kabhi sar pe na rakha jata,
Gauze ka jin se dopatta na sambhala jata,
Laakh hikmat se orhaate tau na aurha jata;
Sar pe bojh lieye chaar taraf phirte hain,
Do qadam chalte hain mushkil se tau phir girte hain,
Taba jo gahne se phoolon ke azzeeat pati,
Mehndi haathon mein laga sote tau kya ghabrati,
Sham se subah talak neend na unko aati,
Ek silwat bhi bichhaune mein agar par jati;
unko takia ke bhi qabil na khuda ne rakha,
Sang pahloo se uthaya tau sarhaane rakha;
Roz wahshat mujhe sahra ki taraf laafi hai,
Sar hai aur josh-e-janoon, sang hai aur chhati hai.
Kyonke Azurda nikal jane na saudai ho,
Qatal istarah se be jurm jo Sahbai ho.
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पिला साक़िया मय-ख़ुनुक आब में
कि थमती नहीं तौबा महताब में
गया दीन कैसा हुज़ूर-ए-नमाज़
वो याद आए अबरू जो मेहराब में
मिले कुछ तो ज़ख़्म-ए-जिगर का मज़ा
बुझा कर रखा तेग़ ज़हराब में
इलाही फ़लक जिस से फट जाए दे
वो तासीर आह-ए-जिगर-ताब में
बुलंद आशियानों पे बिजली गिरी
जो नीचे थे डूबे वो सैलाब में
वो उर्यां में सरमा में थी जिन की शब
गुज़रती समोर और संजाब में
न आए हों आज़ुर्दा लेना ख़बर
पड़ी धूम ये सारे पंजाब में
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मुझ सा भी कोई इश्क़ में है बद-गुमाँ नहीं
क्या रश्क देख कर मुझे रंग-ए-ख़िज़ाँ नहीं
आँखों से देख कर तुझे सब मानना पड़ा
कहते थे जो हमेशा चुनें है चुनाँ नहीं
उठ कर सहर को सजदा-ए-मस्ताना के सिवा
ताअ’त क़ुबूल ख़ातिर-ए-पीर-ए-मुग़ाँ नहीं
अफ़्सुर्दा दिल हो दर दर-ए-रहमत नहीं है बंद
किस दिन खुला हुआ दर-ए-पीर-ए-मुग़ाँ नहीं
ऐ जज़्ब-ए-शौक़ रहम कि मद्द-ए-नज़र है यार
जा सकती वाँ तलक निगह-ए-ना-तवाँ नहीं
शब उस को हाल-ए-दिल ने जताया कुछ इस तरह
हैं लब तो क्या निगह भी हुई तर्जुमाँ नहीं
कटती किसी तरह से नहीं ये शब-ए-फ़िराक़
शायद कि गर्दिश आज तुझे आसमाँ नहीं
अच्छा हुई निकल गई आह-ए-हज़ीं के साथ
इक क़हर थी बला थी क़यामत थी जाँ नहीं
जाने है दिल फ़लक का मिरी सख़्त-जानियाँ
उन ना-तावनियों को पहुँचती तवाँ नहीं
कहता हूँ उस से कुछ मैं निकलता है मुँह से कुछ
कहने को यूँ तो हैगी ज़बाँ और ज़बाँ नहीं
महका हुआ है बैत-ए-हुज़न देखना कोई
आया नसीम-ए-मिस्र का हो कारवाँ नहीं
लब बंद हूँ तो रौज़न-ए-सीना को क्या करूँ
थमता तो मुझ से नाला-ए-आतिश-इनाँ नहीं
क्या कुछ न कर दिखाऊँ पर इक दिन के वास्ते
मिलता भी हम को मंसब-ए-हफ़्त-आसमाँ नहीं
वो शाख़-ए-नख़्ल-ए-ख़ुश्क हूँ में कुंज-ए-बाग़ में
देखे है भूल कर भी जिसे बाग़बाँ नहीं
बे-वक़्त आए दैर में क्या शोरिशें करें
हम पीर-ओ-पीर-ए-मय-कदा भी नौजवाँ नहीं
‘आज़ुर्दा’ ने पढ़ी ग़ज़ल इक मय-कदे में कल
वो साफ़-तर कि सीना-ए-पीर-ए-मुग़ाँ नहीं
